Requirement
The entity evaluates security events to determine whether they could or have resulted in a failure of the entity to meet its objectives (security incidents) and, if so, takes actions to prevent or address such failures.
Points of Focus
Responds to Security Incidents
Requirement: Procedures are in place for responding to security incidents and evaluating the effectiveness of those policies and procedures on a periodic basis.
Communicates and Reviews Detected Security Events
Requirement: Detected security events are communicated to and reviewed by the individuals responsible for the management of the security program, and actions are taken, if necessary.
Develops and Implements Procedures to Analyze Security Incidents
Requirement: Procedures are in place to analyze security incidents and determine system impact.
[C] Assesses the Impact on Confidential Information
Requirement: Detected security events are evaluated to determine whether they could or did result in the unauthorized disclosure or use of confidential information.
[C] Determines Confidential Information Used or Disclosed
Requirement: When an unauthorized use or disclosure of confidential information has occurred, the affected information is identified and actions are taken to help prevent future recurrence and address control failures to support the achievement of entity objectives.
[P] Assesses the Impact on Personal Information
Requirement: Detected security events are evaluated to determine whether they could or did result in the unauthorized disclosure or use of personal information and whether there has been a failure to comply with applicable laws or regulations.
[P] Determines Personal Information Used or Disclosed
Requirement: When an unauthorized use or disclosure of personal information has occurred, the affected information is identified and actions are taken to help prevent future recurrence and address control failures to support the achievement of entity objectives.
Explanation
Not every alert is an incident. This criterion requires a documented process for evaluating detected security events, deciding which ones threaten the organization's objectives, and assessing their impact — including on confidential and personal information. Auditors want to see triage records showing events were reviewed, escalated, and acted on consistently.
